Autumn is not only a time for harvesting, but also for preparing trees for hibernation. Nimble pests are taken under the bark of plants, thereby infecting trees. In order not to treat the garden in the spring, we recommend that you carry out a number of preventive measures in the fall. So the trees will safely endure the winter, and in the summer they will give a bountiful harvest. Novate.ru will tell you what remedies will protect against diseases and pests.
Why autumn tree processing is important
It is a mistake to believe that you do not need to process plants during hibernation. But this is the best time to get rid of annoying pests and prevent their invasion. For example, caterpillars penetrate under the bark or burrow into the ground near trees by 3 cm. Female silkworms lay eggs during the autumn-winter period and create numerous offspring. Scabbards, weevils, geese, flower beetles are just a small list of insects that can literally drink all the juices from the plant.
In addition, pests are carriers of various infections that are transmitted to trees. The more vulnerable the plant, the less chance it will survive wintering and bloom in spring. Processing should be carried out only in calm and dry weather conditions. Be sure to wear a protective suit, respirator, gloves and mask, as some substances are quite toxic.
How to spray trees
1. Iron vitriol
The tool is used for prophylactic and therapeutic purposes. Saves from fungal diseases, various types of rot, powdery mildew, scab. Also, ferrous sulfate (second name) can be used to treat tree holes and cuts. Bonus: vitriol is effective in replenishing iron deficiency in the soil. You can use the product either in early spring or late autumn. The substance is capable of burning the leaves, so it is important that they either not yet exist, or no longer exist.
In order to disinfect the damage to the bark, dilute 100 g of ferrous sulfate in 10 liters of water and treat the affected areas. To prevent infections and insects, sprinkle stone trees (cherries, cherries, apricots) with a solution of 300 grams per 10 liters of liquid, and pomes (pears, apples) - with 500 grams for the same volume. Important: ferrous sulfate cannot be used simultaneously with Bordeaux substance or copper sulfate.
2. Copper sulfate
Copper sulfate is an effective fungicidal and antiseptic drug that helps fight powdery mildew, scab and coccomycosis. Also, the agent is used to treat wounds on trees and disinfect the soil. Copper sulfate is incompatible with organophosphate insecticides.
In case of damage to the bark, dilute 300 g of copper sulfate in 10 liters of water. For the prevention of diseases, you will need 200 g of the drug per 10 liters. It is important to prepare the product in a glass or enamel container, since vitriol quickly reacts with metal containers. To disinfect the soil, prepare a solution of 300-400 g of copper sulfate per standard displacement. Spray the resulting liquid over the surface of the soil, and then dig up the ground. The procedure should be repeated every 3-5 years. Finally, fertilize the soil with compost or humus.
3. Bordeaux liquid
The fungicide consists of copper sulfate and hydrated lime. It can be used for preventive purposes not only against diseases, but also with a shortage of copper on peat and sour sandy soil. The drug protects trees from infections and fungi during the entire growing season. It should be borne in mind that stone fruit crops are very sensitive to substances with copper. That is why the optimal spraying time is the beginning or end of autumn. Dissolve 300 g of Bordeaux liquid in 10 liters of water and spray the trees. The rest of the time, a 1% agent (100 g) is sufficient.
How to make Bordeaux liquid
The substance can be prepared independently, the main thing is to use it on the same day. Take a plastic, enamel, or glass 5 liter container. Pour 1 liter of hot water and dissolve 100 g of copper sulfate in it. Then gradually fill the container with 4 liters of cold water. Take another container, but already 10 liters. Pour 100-150 g of quicklime into it, fill it with a liter of hot water, and after four with cold water. Stir both products thoroughly to dissolve the ingredients completely. Next, combine the liquids: pour the substance with copper sulfate in a thin stream into a container with lime. Observe this to follow, otherwise an incorrect chemical reaction will occur.
4. Chemicals
Copper is an active ingredient in many fungicides. Among them: "Abiga Peak", "Indigo", "Bronex". The drugs are used for prophylactic purposes for the basic protection of trees and shrubs from a complex of diseases. Fungicides based on other substances are also suitable. For example, "Racurs" (has a two-component composition, which includes epoxiconazole and cyproconazole). "Skor" and "Raek" act on the basis of difenoconazole and have a protective, immunizing and therapeutic effect.
How to keep insects out of the bark
1. If trapping belts were glued to trees in summer, remove them and dispose of them. Examine the trunk and branches for lichens, mosses, insect nests. Remove all available "finds".
2. If there are lesions on the bark, treat them with one of the above products. For deep wounds, you need to apply a special restorative agent. For example, "BlagoSad" putty or "RanNet" disinfection and healing paste.
3. The next step is to whitewash the trees. Choose formulations based on clay or lime. They do not block access to oxygen for the tree and allow it to breathe freely.
4. Collect the leaves that have fallen around the plant and dig up the soil. In parallel, see if there are traces of pests. If so, ruthlessly discard their nests.
5. Trees susceptible to insect attacks should be treated with an insecticide. Any of the means will do: "Senpai", "Coragen", "Ivanhoe", "Movento Energy", "Karbotsin", "Sharpei".
If you pay enough attention to the health of your garden in the fall, you will enjoy a delicious harvest in the summer. We also advise you to read, how to quickly remove the disturbing old stump without uprooting.