Nothing is eternal under the Moon. Wooden floors, which sooner or later may collapse due to the destruction of the support beam, are not an exception. Most often, the overlap begins to rot not from the middle, but from one of the ends. Destruction occurs under the influence of natural factors such as dampness, parasites and fungus. Replacing load-bearing beams is an extremely costly event, but often necessary. True, if the situation has not been started, there is a chance to restore the old beam without major repairs using one of the popular methods.
1. Lovtsky's system
One of the simplest, safest and cheapest methods of restoration of damaged bars. This technique is also used to correct the deflection of a structural beam. This method is good because it is used to repair old structures. The method is based on the removal of a fragment of the damaged beam and the installation of wooden prosthetic beams, which are attached to the old structure with metal ties and bolts.
2. Anufriev's system
The technique is of medium complexity and high reliability. The restoration and strengthening technology strongly resembles Lovtsky's method. Here, a fragment of the damaged beam is also removed, after which the installation of metal clamps with brackets in several places. Subsequently, a metal channel is inserted into these clamps, on which the entire structure will be held. Simple and reliable.
The clamps are made of 3-5 mm thick sheet steel. It is quite obvious that they must be the same. The holes in the clamps must be strictly rectangular. It is also worth adding that Anufriev's "prosthesis" is excellent not only for replacing a removed fragment, but also for strengthening a solid beam.
3. Daidbekov's system
A complex and expensive, but extremely reliable way to restore a damaged beam. More reliable than it is - only a complete replacement of the structure with a new one. The essence of the method is to replace a fragment of a damaged wooden structure using a specially welded metal truss made of reinforcement, channel bars and corners. Daidbekov's design is quite complex and must be implemented with strict adherence to technology.
4. Tightening "tightening"
Sometimes it is not necessary to restore the entire beam, it is enough only to eliminate the formed (or formed) deflection. In this case, you can resort both to the help of the prosthetic constructions described above, and to the use of reinforcement screeds. Screeds can also be used as a strengthening preventive measure. Correctly executed structure allows to increase the bearing capacity of the support beam by 2.5-3 times. To do this, you need to make a complex structure of three corners and fittings with a thread at the end, which allows you to pull together the entire structure. The tension is held by nuts.
If you want to know even more interesting things, then you should read about what trees should not be planted in a summer cottage next to the house, so as not to regret later.